Репозиторий Университета

© 2021, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. The state of human health is an important factor in the optimal for the existence in biological and social terms. It is now recognized that the best way to keep health – to lead healthy lives and avoid the negative influences of the environment. This is extremely important in the workplace and at home. The basis of life must be feasible rational muscular activity. Dosed physical loads provide balanced revitalizing effect on the body. They regulate the metabolism and have a pronounced training effect on motor and autonomic functions. Adequate and regular physical activity steadfastly increases the efficiency of the myocardium, improves blood flow to the brain and heart, improves the efficiency of peripheral circulation and venous return to the heart increases the body's tolerance to stress and the level of absorption of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. In this regard, rational physical activity are considered the basis of healthy lifestyles, active aging, and high adaptation to the external environment.

© 2021, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. The state of human health is an important factor in the optimal for the existence in biological and social terms. It is now recognized that the best way to keep health – to lead healthy lives and avoid the negative influences of the environment. This is extremely important in the workplace and at home. The basis of life must be feasible rational muscular activity. Dosed physical loads provide balanced revitalizing effect on the body. They regulate the metabolism and have a pronounced training effect on motor and autonomic functions. Adequate and regular physical activity steadfastly increases the efficiency of the myocardium, improves blood flow to the brain and heart, improves the efficiency of peripheral circulation and venous return to the heart increases the body's tolerance to stress and the level of absorption of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. In this regard, rational physical activity are considered the basis of healthy lifestyles, active aging, and high adaptation to the external environment.

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra is one of the pathogenic hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain enigmatic. While aberrant redox metabolism strongly associated with iron dysregulation and accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria is considered as one of the major contributors to neurodegeneration and death of dopaminergic cells, the specific anomalies in the molecular machinery and pathways leading to the PD development and progression have not been identified. The high efficiency and relative simplicity of a new genome editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9, make its applications attractive for deciphering molecular changes driving PD-related impairments of redox metabolism and lipid peroxidation in relation to mishandling of iron, aggregation and oligomerization of alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial injury as well as in mechanisms of mitophagy and programs of regulated cell death (apoptosis and ferroptosis). These insights into the mechanisms of PD pathology may be used for the identification of new targets for therapeutic interventions and innovative approaches to genome editing, including CRISPR/Cas9.

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Calcium ions (Ca2+) influx to mitochondrial matrix is crucial for the life of a cell. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (mtCU) is a protein complex which consists of the pore-forming subunit (MCU) and several regulatory subunits. MtCU is the main contributor to inward Ca2+ currents through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Extensive investigations of mtCU involvement into normal and pathological molecular pathways started from the moment of discovery of its molecular components. A crucial role of mtCU in the control of these pathways is now recognized in both health and disease. In particular, impairments of mtCU function have been demonstrated for cardiovascular and skeletal muscle-associated pathologies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on mtCU structure, regulation, and function in different types of muscle tissues in health and disease.

© Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute. All rights reserved. The aim of the present systematic literature review is to summarize data on the role of TLRs in maintaining homeostasis of the female genitals, in maintaining the physiological development of pregnancy, provision of anti-infective resistance in pregnant women with intrauterine infection. The review substantiates the importance of TLRs of female genitals as a necessary and determining factor in the reaction to various changes in the environment, and also responsible for changes in metabolic, structural, or energy, in the maintenance of anti-infective resistance and homeostasis. As universal regulators of vital activity of organism TLRs in conjunction with other receptors of innate immunity provide maintaining the general reactivity and anti-infective resistance at the physiological level. In physiologically developing pregnancy in a background of immunosuppression in response to pregnancy TLRs during contact with infectious and non-infectious pathogens stimulate the production of nonspecific adaptive immunity factors (defensins, cathelicidins, histatines, etc.), which together with the non-specific innate factors lysozyme, complement, properdin, etc. support anti-infective resistance of the female genitals at a high level at the beginning of the infectious process. Possible violations of the development of pregnancy may be accompanied by changes in the response of TLRs to infectious and non-infectious factors until hyper-reaction, excessive inflammation or apoptosis, which requires adequate management of pregnancy. Was established the significance of the influence of pathogens of infectious and noninfectious origin in intrauterine infection indirectly through TLRs in the homeostasis of the organism, on the formation of breaches in anti-infective resistance at the organism and community level the identification of new pathophysiological and immunological pathogenetic mechanisms of development of pathological processes. IUI is a penetration of microorganisms into the tissues of fetus and it's infection. The inhibition of the functional activity of TLRs is accompanied by the direct effect of the pathogen on the tissues, and during hyper-reaction of TLRs to pathogens revealed a pronounced inflammatory response in the fetus. The level of expression of TLRs correlates directly with the severity of the process that can be considered as early markers of infection. Depending on the nature of the pathogen an increased expression of one or the other TLRs is observed. Explained the lack of symptoms, the possibility of atypical manifestations, the asymptomatic course of infection.

© 2018 Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved. The systematic review provides a justification for the value of innate immunity as an initial, necessary and determinant stage in the development of adaptive immunity. The participation of TLRs as a leading component of PRRs-system in maintaining natural congenital anti-infection resistance and homeostasis of the organism, in launching and dynamics of development of adaptive immunity to pathogens of infectious and non-infectious genesis was studied in detail. The importance of the influence of these pathogens on the homeostasis of the organism, on the formation of disturbances in anti-infective resistance at the organism and local levels, revealing new pathophysiological and immunological pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of these pathological processes is established. The colossal gap between fundamental studies of the biology and morphology of microorganisms and clinical studies of the diseases they cause is shortening. In an accessible form, explanations are provided for the absence of symptoms, the possibility of atypical manifestations, and the asymptomatic course of infection. There are new wide opportunities to improve and enhance the information content and personalization methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention, as well as the creation of pharmaceuticals that act detrimental to all forms of cycle of development of pathogens, and new immunomodulatory drugs for the most effective treatment and prevention of diseases.