Репозиторий Университета

© 2021, The Author(s). Background: With an increasing aging population and a lower ratio between the active and the dependent population, population aging is considered a global social and health challenge, associated with increased demand in health care needs and social pension. This study projects the Greek and Cypriot population to guide future planning of social and health policies and services. Methods: The total population by sex and age groups, Total Fertility Rate (TFR), life-expectancies at birth and Potential Support Ratio PSR (persons aged 20–64 years per person 65+ years) are projected probabilistically by the year 2100 using Bayesian hierarchical models and United Nations’ population data for Greece and Cyprus from the period of 1950 to 2015. Results: The TFR is projected to be around 1.5 children per woman in 2050 and around 1.75 in 2100 for both countries, with all values of prediction intervals being around or below the Replacement level fertility. PSR is expected to decrease remarkably and be 2.5 in 2050 and 1.6 in 2100 for Cyprus while for Greece it will be around 1.5 for both years 2050 and 2100. Life-expectancy is expected to increase to 84 years for men and 87 years for women in 2050 and 90 years for men and 94 years for women in 2100 for both countries. The share of the population aged 65 years and over is projected to increase in both countries and be the one third of the population by 2100. Conclusions: Greece and Cyprus will acquire the characteristics of an aging population, putting a significance pressure on the social and health systems of both countries. Both countries should reform their social and health policy agenda to confront population aging and its consequence. They should adopt fertility incentives and family policies to increase fertility and migrants’ inclusiveness policies to improve the demographic structure and the economic activity. The national health systems should promote prevention strategies at the primary health sector and promote healthy aging while health research policy should aim to promote research in innovative technologies and digital health to create assistive technology for self-care and greater independence of older people.

© 2021, The Author(s). Background: With an increasing aging population and a lower ratio between the active and the dependent population, population aging is considered a global social and health challenge, associated with increased demand in health care needs and social pension. This study projects the Greek and Cypriot population to guide future planning of social and health policies and services. Methods: The total population by sex and age groups, Total Fertility Rate (TFR), life-expectancies at birth and Potential Support Ratio PSR (persons aged 20–64 years per person 65+ years) are projected probabilistically by the year 2100 using Bayesian hierarchical models and United Nations’ population data for Greece and Cyprus from the period of 1950 to 2015. Results: The TFR is projected to be around 1.5 children per woman in 2050 and around 1.75 in 2100 for both countries, with all values of prediction intervals being around or below the Replacement level fertility. PSR is expected to decrease remarkably and be 2.5 in 2050 and 1.6 in 2100 for Cyprus while for Greece it will be around 1.5 for both years 2050 and 2100. Life-expectancy is expected to increase to 84 years for men and 87 years for women in 2050 and 90 years for men and 94 years for women in 2100 for both countries. The share of the population aged 65 years and over is projected to increase in both countries and be the one third of the population by 2100. Conclusions: Greece and Cyprus will acquire the characteristics of an aging population, putting a significance pressure on the social and health systems of both countries. Both countries should reform their social and health policy agenda to confront population aging and its consequence. They should adopt fertility incentives and family policies to increase fertility and migrants’ inclusiveness policies to improve the demographic structure and the economic activity. The national health systems should promote prevention strategies at the primary health sector and promote healthy aging while health research policy should aim to promote research in innovative technologies and digital health to create assistive technology for self-care and greater independence of older people.

© 2021, The Author(s). Background: With an increasing aging population and a lower ratio between the active and the dependent population, population aging is considered a global social and health challenge, associated with increased demand in health care needs and social pension. This study projects the Greek and Cypriot population to guide future planning of social and health policies and services. Methods: The total population by sex and age groups, Total Fertility Rate (TFR), life-expectancies at birth and Potential Support Ratio PSR (persons aged 20–64 years per person 65+ years) are projected probabilistically by the year 2100 using Bayesian hierarchical models and United Nations’ population data for Greece and Cyprus from the period of 1950 to 2015. Results: The TFR is projected to be around 1.5 children per woman in 2050 and around 1.75 in 2100 for both countries, with all values of prediction intervals being around or below the Replacement level fertility. PSR is expected to decrease remarkably and be 2.5 in 2050 and 1.6 in 2100 for Cyprus while for Greece it will be around 1.5 for both years 2050 and 2100. Life-expectancy is expected to increase to 84 years for men and 87 years for women in 2050 and 90 years for men and 94 years for women in 2100 for both countries. The share of the population aged 65 years and over is projected to increase in both countries and be the one third of the population by 2100. Conclusions: Greece and Cyprus will acquire the characteristics of an aging population, putting a significance pressure on the social and health systems of both countries. Both countries should reform their social and health policy agenda to confront population aging and its consequence. They should adopt fertility incentives and family policies to increase fertility and migrants’ inclusiveness policies to improve the demographic structure and the economic activity. The national health systems should promote prevention strategies at the primary health sector and promote healthy aging while health research policy should aim to promote research in innovative technologies and digital health to create assistive technology for self-care and greater independence of older people.

Background: It remains unclear whether alcohol use disorders (AUDs) can be characterized by specific levels of average daily alcohol consumption. The aim of the current study was to model the distributions of average daily alcohol consumption among those who consume alcohol and those with alcohol dependence, the most severe AUD, using various clustering techniques. Methods: Data from Wave 1 and Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions were used in the current analyses. Clustering algorithms were applied in order to group a set of data points that represent the average daily amount of alcohol consumed. Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) were then used to estimate the likelihood of a data point belonging to one of the mixture distributions. Individuals were assigned to the clusters which had the highest posterior probabilities from the GMMs, and their treatment utilization rate was examined for each of the clusters. Results: Modeling alcohol consumption via clustering techniques was feasible. The clusters identified did not point to alcohol dependence as a separate cluster characterized by a higher level of alcohol consumption. Among both females and males with alcohol dependence, daily alcohol consumption was relatively low. Conclusions: Overall, we found little evidence for clusters of people with the same drinking distribution, which could be characterized as clinically relevant for people with alcohol use disorders as currently defined.

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Despite high prevalence, medical impact and societal burden, anxiety, depression and other affective disorders remain poorly understood and treated. Clinical complexity and polygenic nature complicate their analyses, often revealing genetic overlap and cross-disorder heritability. However, the interplay or overlaps between disordered phenotypes can also be based on shared molecular pathways and ‘crosstalk’ mechanisms, which themselves may be genetically determined. We have earlier predicted (Kalueff et al., 2014) a new class of ‘interlinking’ brain genes that do not affect the disordered phenotypes per se, but can instead specifically determine their interrelatedness. To test this hypothesis experimentally, here we applied a well-established rodent chronic social defeat stress model, known to progress in C57BL/6J mice from the Anxiety-like stage on Day 10 to Depression-like stage on Day 20. The present study analyzed mouse whole-genome expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus during the Day 10, the Transitional (Day 15) and Day 20 stages in this model. Our main question here was whether a putative the Transitional stage (Day 15) would reveal distinct characteristic genomic responses from Days 10 and 20 of the model, thus reflecting unique molecular events underlining the transformation or switch from anxiety to depression pathogenesis. Overall, while in the Day 10 (Anxiety) group both brain regions showed major genomic alterations in various neurotransmitter signaling pathways, the Day 15 (Transitional) group revealed uniquely downregulated astrocyte-related genes, and the Day 20 (Depression) group demonstrated multiple downregulated genes of cell adhesion, inflammation and ion transport pathways. Together, these results reveal a complex temporal dynamics of mouse affective phenotypes as they develop. Our genomic profiling findings provide first experimental support to the idea that novel brain genes (activated here only during the Transitional stage) may uniquely integrate anxiety and depression pathogenesis and, hence, determine the progression from one pathological state to another. This concept can potentially be extended to other brain conditions as well. This preclinical study also further implicates cilial and astrocytal mechanisms in the pathogenesis of affective disorders.

© 2020 The Authors The assessment of behavioral outcomes is a central component of neuroscientific research, which has required continuous technological innovations to produce more detailed and reliable findings. In this article, we provide an in-depth review on the progress and future implications for three model organisms (mouse, rat, and Drosophila) essential to our current understanding of behavior. By compiling a comprehensive catalog of popular assays, we are able to compare the diversity of tasks and usage of these animal models in behavioral research. This compilation also allows for the evaluation of existing state-of-the-art methods and experimental applications, including optogenetics, machine learning, and high-throughput behavioral assays. We go on to discuss novel apparatuses and inter-species analyses for centrophobism, feeding behavior, aggression and mating paradigms, with the goal of providing a unique view on comparative behavioral research. The challenges and recent advances are evaluated in terms of their translational value, ethical procedures, and trustworthiness for behavioral research.

© 2020 The Authors The assessment of behavioral outcomes is a central component of neuroscientific research, which has required continuous technological innovations to produce more detailed and reliable findings. In this article, we provide an in-depth review on the progress and future implications for three model organisms (mouse, rat, and Drosophila) essential to our current understanding of behavior. By compiling a comprehensive catalog of popular assays, we are able to compare the diversity of tasks and usage of these animal models in behavioral research. This compilation also allows for the evaluation of existing state-of-the-art methods and experimental applications, including optogenetics, machine learning, and high-throughput behavioral assays. We go on to discuss novel apparatuses and inter-species analyses for centrophobism, feeding behavior, aggression and mating paradigms, with the goal of providing a unique view on comparative behavioral research. The challenges and recent advances are evaluated in terms of their translational value, ethical procedures, and trustworthiness for behavioral research.

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. This work proposes an original method for generating atomistic models of multi-branched and arbitrary-shaped seamless junctions of different nanostructures. Atomic frameworks of new hybrid systems with a wide variety of topological forms based on 1D and 2D structures can be obtained using this method. The topological diversity of generated hybrid systems is provided by the some features of the developed method. This method combines a triangulated nanomesh framework generation with a molecular dynamics (MD) method that allows us to generate dozens of topological configurations of the contact region of different objects. Energetically favorable junctions of carbon nanostructures, including Y- and X-shaped junctions of carbon nanotubes, a fullerene-nanotube junction, and a fullerene-graphene hybrid system are created using the developed original method.

© Copyright © 2019 Delfino, Porozov, Stepanov, Tamazian and Tozzini. Transitions between different conformational states are ubiquitous in proteins, being involved in signaling, catalysis, and other fundamental activities in cells. However, modeling those processes is extremely difficult, due to the need of efficiently exploring a vast conformational space in order to seek for the actual transition path for systems whose complexity is already high in the stable states. Here we report a strategy that simplifies this task attacking the complexity on several sides. We first apply a minimalist coarse-grained model to Calmodulin, based on an empirical force field with a partial structural bias, to explore the transition paths between the apo-closed state and the Ca-bound open state of the protein. We then select representative structures along the trajectory based on a structural clustering algorithm and build a cleaned-up trajectory with them. We finally compare this trajectory with that produced by the online tool MinActionPath, by minimizing the action integral using a harmonic network model, and with that obtained by the PROMPT morphing method, based on an optimal mass transportation-type approach including physical constraints. The comparison is performed both on the structural and energetic level, using the coarse-grained and the atomistic force fields upon reconstruction. Our analysis indicates that this method returns trajectories capable of exploring intermediate states with physical meaning, retaining a very low computational cost, which can allow systematic and extensive exploration of the multi-stable proteins transition pathways.

© 2018, Springer Nature B.V. No matter how sophisticated the structures are and on what length scale the pore sizes are, fluid displacement in porous media can be visualized, captured, mimicked and optimized using microfluidics. Visualizing transport processes is fundamental to our understanding of complex hydrogeological systems, petroleum production, medical science applications and other engineering applications. Microfluidics is an ideal tool for visual observation of flow at high temporal and spatial resolution. Experiments are typically fast, as sample volume is substantially low with the use of miniaturized devices. This review first discusses the fabrication techniques for generating microfluidics devices, experimental setups and new advances in microfluidic fabrication using three-dimensional printing, geomaterials and biomaterials. We then address multiphase transport in subsurface porous media, with an emphasis on hydrology and petroleum engineering applications in the past few decades. We also cover the application of microfluidics to study membrane systems in biomedical science and particle sorting. Lastly, we explore how synergies across different disciplines can lead to innovations in this field. A number of problems that have been resolved, topics that are under investigation and cutting-edge applications that are emerging are highlighted.

© 2019 The Authors International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering Published by John Wiley  &  Sons Ltd Non-invasive coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (cFFR) is an emergent approach to determine the functional relevance of obstructive coronary lesions. Its feasibility and diagnostic performance has been reported in several studies. It is unclear if differences in sensitivity and specificity between these studies are due to study design, population, or "computational methodology." We evaluate the diagnostic performance of four different computational workflows for the prediction of cFFR using a limited data set of 10 patients, three based on reduced-order modelling and one based on a 3D rigid-wall model. The results for three of these methodologies yield similar accuracy of 6.5% to 10.5% mean absolute difference between computed and measured FFR. The main aspects of modelling which affected cFFR estimation were choice of inlet and outlet boundary conditions and estimation of flow distribution in the coronary network. One of the reduced-order models showed the lowest overall deviation from the clinical FFR measurements, indicating that reduced-order models are capable of a similar level of accuracy to a 3D model. In addition, this reduced-order model did not include a lumped pressure-drop model for a stenosis, which implies that the additional effort of isolating a stenosis and inserting a pressure-drop element in the spatial mesh may not be required for FFR estimation. The present benchmark study is the first of this kind, in which we attempt to homogenize the data required to compute FFR using mathematical models. The clinical data utilised in the cFFR workflows are made publicly available online.

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Schizophrenia is a severely debilitating, lifelong psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 1% of global population. The pathobiology of schizophrenia remains poorly understood, necessitating further translational research in this field. Experimental (animal) models are becoming indispensable for studying schizophrenia-related phenotypes and pro/antipsychotic drugs. Mounting evidence suggests the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a useful tool to model various phenotypes relevant to schizophrenia. In addition to their complex robust behaviors, zebrafish possess high genetic and physiological homology to humans, and are also sensitive to drugs known to reduce or promote schizophrenia clinically. Here, we summarize findings on zebrafish application to modeling schizophrenia, as well as discuss recent progress and remaining challenges in this field. We also emphasize the need in further development and wider use of zebrafish models for schizophrenia to better understand its pathogenesis and enhance the search for new effective antipsychotics.

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional printing application in urology for localized renal cancer treatment using three-dimensional printed soft models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included five patients with kidney tumors. The patients were treated in the Urology Clinic of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University from February 2016 to June 2017. Personalized three-dimensional printed models based on computed tomographic images were created. Five surgeons took part in a survey in which the utility of computed tomographic images versus three-dimensional printed models for presurgical planning was compared. A laparoscopic partial nephrectomy training using the developed three-dimensional printed models was performed by the same surgeons in a surgical training box. RESULTS: The patients underwent endoscopic surgery using laparoscopic access. The average time of surgery was 187 min. All the operations were performed with complete renal artery clamping. The average warm ischemia time was 19.5 min and the average blood loss was 170 mL. No conversions to open surgery or radical nephrectomy, and no postoperative complications and deaths were observed. All the surgical margins were negative. The tumors were morphologically identified as renal cell carcinoma in four cases and as oncocytoma in one case. CONCLUSION: The developed three-dimensional printed models allow one to evaluate the pathological anatomy of tumors more effectively. High similarity between three-dimensional models and native kidneys contribute to improvement of surgical skills necessary for partial nephrectomy. Training on the three-dimensional models also allows surgeons to facilitate selection of an optimal surgical tactics for each patient.

© Am J Case Rep, 2018.  Objective: Unusual setting of medical care Background: Noninvasive assessment of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) in patients with coronary artery disease plays an important role in determining the need for revascularization. It is particularly relevant for patients with a borderline stenoses and painless myocardial ischemia. Our article describes the first clinical experience in the Russian Federation of using an automated method of noninvasive assessment of the fractional flow reserve (FFR ct ) with a one-dimensional (1-D) mathematical model in a patient with painless myocardial ischemia. Case Report: A 58-year-old male patient who underwent stent implantation in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) due to an acute non-ST-elevation posterior myocardial infarction had borderline stenoses of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). After stent implantation, there were no relapse angina symptoms on drug treatment, and according to our examination guideline for patients with borderline stenoses, a treadmill test was performed. The test was positive; therefore, FFR assessment was recommended, with coronary multi-slice CT being performed. The following results were obtained: FFR ct LAD – 0.57; FFR ct LCX – 0.88. An invasive assessment of FFR was also performed as a reference standard and revealed: FFR LAD – 0.6; FFR LCX – 0.88, and simultaneously a LAD percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed. Three months later, the patient underwent a stress test, which revealed no evidence of induced ischemia. Conclusions: Our method of noninvasive assessment of FFR has shown encouraging results, but we believe that larger-scale studies are needed to establish it as common clinical practice.

© 2018 Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology. All rights reserved. Some pathologic processes compromise renal function and as result worsen glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation was developed in an effort to create a more correct formula to estimate GFR, however, it is not able to assess split renal function. Objective. This paper aims to present how numerical analysis of abdominal multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) results correlate with data of CKD-EPI equation. Materials and methods. In this Institutional prospective cohort study, MSCT scans of 16 patients undergoing multiphasic renal protocol with 3D-reconstruction and numerical estimation were reviewed. Comparison was made by means of Pearson coefficient and Youden index. Results. MSCT-based methods for the calculation of split renal function with 3Dmodels showed strong correlation with CKD-EPI (p<0.001). Conclusion. Data received using the 3D-MSCT in comparison with CKD-EPI equation are equally accurate with low bias in GFR-assessment. However new approach has great advantages, because allows for both acquiring detailed data on clinical anatomy and evaluation of renal function, that made it not only precise but also more informative for decision-making in clinical practice. Such application of high-tech imaging method applied to the field of radiology may alter the course of patients' management when pathologic process is just beginning to correct premorbid conditions.

© 2018 Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology. All rights reserved. Introduction. Instrumental methods of examination may alter the course of treatment and patients' management. Several studies have shown that interobserver variability in values obtained with renal scintigraphy (RS) can be as high as 10%, however, RS remains the standard investigation for the assessment of split renal function. Objective. This paper aims to present how numerical analysis of abdominal MSCT results can be used to evaluate split renal function. Materials and methods. A prospective study was launched in a Research Institute for Uronephrology and Reproductive Health from November, 2015 to May, 2017. 88 patients were enrolled into the study (2 with hydronephrosis, 10 with hypertensive kidney disease, 5 with stone kidney disease, 2 with kidney anomalies, 69 with renal tumors). Comparison made between renal scintigraphy data and 3D MSCT-based models. Results. CT-based methods for the calculation of split renal function with 3D-models showed correlation with renal scintigraphy (p<0.004). Conclusion. A new approach for split kidney function assessment based on contrast-enhanced CT with 3D-models and mathematical analysis allows for both acquiring detailed data on clinical anatomy and evaluation of renal function to promote preoperative decision-making. It showed strong correlation with no significant difference in comparison with RS in terms of glomerular filtration rate, perfusion and plasma flow.

© Russian Association of Endocrinologists, 2018. This review examined the current problem of low adherence to treatment in patients with chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to the definition of the World Health Organization, 'adherence to treatment' is the degree to which a patient's behaviour corresponds to the doctor's recommendations with respect to medications and implementation of dietary advice and/or lifestyle changes. The current medical literature includes a large number of scientific publications devoted to the study of various factors that lead to low adherence to treatment. The term 'barriers' is most often used to designate these factors. The first part of this work contains an analysis of the main factors that impede compliance to the doctor's recommendations, such as socioeconomic and psychological (personal) barriers related to the disease itself, the peculiarities of its treatment and the organisation of medical care (the health care system). The second part of this review examines the different theoretical models of patient behaviour and strategies that improve adherence to treatment. Most researchers believe that there is an unsatisfactory (low) adherence to treatment and that none of the existing intervention strategies can improve adherence to treatment among all patients. The cornerstone of the entire diabetes management system is the training of patients within the framework of developed structured programmes. Conversely, success depends on the individual approach, the course of the disease and the mandatory consideration of the individual psychological characteristics of each person. Establishment of a partnership built on trust between a doctor and a patient contributes to greater patient satisfaction with treatment and improved adherence, and this relationship ultimately affects the treatment efficacy and clinical outcomes.

© 2011–2018 NSPU Bulletin All rights reserved  Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of effective use of distance technologies in the educational process. The purpose of the article is to identify the potential of the Moodle electronic distance learning platform as a source for improving the quality of technical education. Materials and Methods. The authors used a set of research methods, including: 1) analysis of scientific literature on the topic of the article; 2) proposition of a hypothesis about the possibility of expanding the didactic functions of the Moodle distance learning platform by integrating interactive content into it; 3) constructing a methodological model which includes innovative educational content, characterized by an interactive format; 4) experimental approbation of teaching methods with elements of statistical analysis of the results of the control and experimental groups of students using the Pearson criteria – χ 2 . Results. As a result of the research, the following statements were identified: 1) determining factors for the realization of the capabilities of the Moodle platform in the educational process for the disciplines of physical, mathematical and technical fields; 2) the authors developed an algorithm for evaluating students’ work and showed the possibilities of placing models in a distance learning system to perform laboratory work necessary for the qualitative studying these disciplines; 3) the statistical analysis showed a positive result in terms of improving the quality of mastering basic knowledge elements. Conclusions. The authors summarize the characteristic features of the potential of the Moodle e-learning platform as a source for improving the quality of technical education.

© 2018 Sergey S. Simakov. The study of the physiological and pathophysiological processes in the cardiovascular system is one of the important contemporary issues, which is addressed in many works. In this work, several approaches to the mathematical modelling of the blood flow are considered. They are based on the spatial order reduction and/or use a steady-state approach. Attention is paid to the discussion of the assumptions and suggestions, which are limiting the scope of such models. Some typical mathematical formulations are considered together with the brief review of their numerical implementation. In the first part, we discuss the models, which are based on the full spatial order reduction and/or use a steady-state approach. One of the most popular approaches exploits the analogy between the flow of the viscous fluid in the elastic tubes and the current in the electrical circuit. Such models can be used as an individual tool. They also used for the formulation of the boundary conditions in the models using one dimensional (1D) and three dimensional (3D) spatial coordinates. The use of the dynamical compartment models allows describing haemodynamics over an extended period (by order of tens of cardiac cycles and more). Then, the steady-state models are considered. They may use either total spatial reduction or two dimensional (2D) spatial coordinates. This approach is used for simulation the blood flow in the region of microcirculation. In the second part, we discuss the models, which are based on the spatial order reduction to the 1D coordinate. The models of this type require relatively small computational power relative to the 3D models. Within the scope of this approach, it is also possible to include all large vessels of the organism. The 1D models allow simulation of the haemodynamic parameters in every vessel, which is included in the model network. The structure and the parameters of such a network can be set according to the literature data. It also exists methods of medical data segmentation. The 1D models may be derived from the 3D Navier - Stokes equations either by asymptotic analysis or by integrating them over a volume. The major assumptions are symmetric flow and constant shape of the velocity profile over a cross-section. These assumptions are somewhat restrictive and arguable. Some of the current works paying attention to the 1D model's validation, to the comparing different 1D models and the comparing 1D models with clinical data. The obtained results reveal acceptable accuracy. It allows concluding, that the 1D approach can be used in medical applications. 1D models allow describing several dynamical processes, such as pulse wave propagation, Korotkov's tones. Some physiological conditions may be included in the 1D models: gravity force, muscles contraction force, regulation and autoregulation.

© 2018 Bentham Science Publishers. Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are looking forward to new therapeutic strategies that may gradually decelerate the rate of neurodegenerative decline, associated with mobility restrictions and related morbidity. Its continuous neurodegenerative process, exacerbated by genetic mutations or environmental toxins, involves a progressive reduction in the dopamine neurotransmission levels, synaptic uptake density, oxidative glucose intake, deficient striatal lactate accumulation and chronic inflammation. Over the last decade, novel bioproducts have received considerable interest due to their unique potential of unifying nutritional, safety and therapeutic natural effects. Some nutraceuticals play a crucial role in the control of the signaling transduction pathways in neurotransmission and inflammation affected in PD, and some natural compounds can beneficially interact with each one of these biological mechanisms to slow down disease progression. Atremorine, a novel plant-derived nutraceutical, probably with a neuroprotective effect in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (pars compacta), is a prototype of this new category of bioproducts with potential effects in PD. The major focus of this review will be on the current knowledge and biomedical investigation strategies through a plant-derived neuroprotective approach to improve life quality in PD patients, being of paramount importance for health providers, caregivers and the patients themselves.