Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group.All right reserved. Objective. This study aimed to assess the cognitive functions and cerebral blood flow measured with arterial spin labeling (ASL) and their possible correlations with vascular age in untreated middle-aged patients with grade 1-2 essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Methods. We examined 73 subjects aged 40-59 years (33 with EAH and 40 healthy volunteers [controls]). Neuropsychological assessment included Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making test (part A and part B), Stroop Color and Word Test, verbal fluency test (phonemic verbal fluency and semantic verbal fluency), 10-item word list learning task. All subjects underwent brain MRI. MRI protocol included ASL. Vascular age was calculated by two techniques-using Framingham Heart Study risk tables and SCORE project scales. Results. Patients with EAH had lower performance on phonemic verbal fluency test and lower mean MoCA score (29.2±1.4 vs. 28.1±1.7 points) compared to controls (13.4±3.2, p=0.002; 29.2±1.4, p=0.001, respectively). White matter hyperintensities (WMH) were present in 7.5 % controls and in 51.5 % EAH patients (p=0.0002). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in EAH patients was lower in both right (39.1±5.6 vs. 45.8±3.2 ml/100 g/min) and left frontal lobes of the brain (39.2±6.2 45.2±3.6 ml/100 g/min, respectively) compared to controls (p<0.001). EAH patients without WMH had lower CBF compared to controls (right frontal lobe: 39.5±5.1 ml/100 g/min, p=0.0002; left frontal lobe: 38.9±4.3 ml/100 g/min, p=0.00002). In EAH patients vascular age (57.7±7.4 and 64.6±11.0 years as measured by SCORE project scales and Framingham Heart Study risk tables, respectively) was significantly (p<0.001) greater than chronological one (50.2±6.2 years) and was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the corresponding values in the control group. Correlation analysis revealed negative significant associations between vascular age and MoCA score, phonemic verbal fluency test score and CBF. Conclusions. Treatment-naive middle-aged patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 EAH compared to normotensive controls have lower mean scores in phonemic fluency test and MoCA, lower CBF, even in the absence of WMH, which correlates with vascular age, particularly with the value calculated by Framingham Heart Study risk tables. Early vascular ageing is important factor of brain impairment in hypertension in middle-aged patients even at early stages of EAH.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Objective. To study cognitive functions, anxiety and depression levels, 24-hour blood pressure (BP) profile, cerebral blood flow (CBF) perfusion in treatment-naive middle-aged patients with uncomplicated essential arterial hypertension (EAH) depending on the white matter hyperintensities (WMH) burden. Material and methods. Forty-one hypertensive patients (mean age 46.2±4.6 years) and 41 healthy volunteers (mean age 50.3±6.7 years) were enrolled to the study. All subjects underwent brain MRI (MAGNETOM Skyra 3.0T, T1, T2 FSE, T2 FLAIR, T1 MPRAGE, ASL), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), 10-word learning task, verbal fluency test, trail making test, Stroop color and word test, anxiety and depression assessment with Hamilton rating scales, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results. WMH were found in 22 (53.7%) hypertensive patients and in 3 (7.3%) healthy volunteers (p=0.0002). Hypertensive patients had the significantly lower CBF compared to controls (p<0.001). Conclusion. WMH were identified in treatment-naive middle-aged patients with uncomplicated mild to moderate EAH. There was an association between WMH and lower CBF in the cortical plate of frontal lobes, SBP variability and worse cognition. Cerebral hypoperfusion can cause cognitive impairment even in the earliest stages of EAH, which increases due to emotional disorders.

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reservbed. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is the only noninvasive technique that makes it possible to study white matter microstructure in vivo and to quantify the images obtained. Objective: to study white matter in middle-aged treatment-naïve patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 essential hypertension (EH), by using DT-MRI. Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 82 people aged 40-59 years (41 patients with EH and 41 healthy individuals (a control group)). Twenty-four blood pressure monitoring and brain MRI were performed in different modes (T1 MPRAGE, T2 TSE, T2 FLAIR, and DTI). Results. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were found in 7.3% of the healthy individuals and in 53.7% of the hypertensive patients (p=0.0002). The latter had significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the white matter of the left inferior frontal gyrus than the healthy individuals (0.39±0.06 and 0.45±0.09, respectively; p< 0.001). FA was lower in the hypertensive patients than in the healthy individuals not only in the presence of WMHs (the left inferior frontal gyrus white matter was 0.397±0.071 and 0.45±0.09, respectively; p=0.009; the genu of the corpus callosum was 0.79±0.04 and 0.81±0.05, respectively; p=0.045), but also in the absence of WMHs (the left inferior frontal gyrus white matter was 0.378±0.073 and 0.45±0.09, respectively; p=0.0007). Discussion. The treatment-naïve patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 EH with short-term (2,3 year) duration were found to have significantly lower FA values in the left inferior frontal gyrus white matter than the healthy normotensive subjects of the same age. Thus, the microstructural integrity of white matter is impaired in middle-aged hypertensive patients even at the earliest disease stages. Conclusion. Middle-aged treatment-naive patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 EH have lower FA in the left inferior frontal gyrus white matter even in the absence of WMHs.

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a promising non-invasive method to assess cerebral perfusion, which identifies a decrease in cerebral blood flow (CBF). Objective: to assess cerebral perfusion in middle-aged untreated patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 hypertension compared to same-age healthy controls. Patients and methods. 33 patients with essential hypertension and 40 healthy individuals (a control group) at the age of 40-59 years were examined. 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed in different modes (T1 MPRAGE, T2 TSE, T2 FLAIR, DTI, and ASL). Results. White matter hyperintensive changes were found in 7.5% of the healthy individuals and in 51.5% of the hypertensive patients (p = 0.0002). In hypertensive patients, CBF in the cortical plate of anterior frontal regions was significantly (p ( 0.001) lower than that in the controls: right CBF, 39.1±5.6 and 45.8±3.2 ml/100 g/min, respectively; left CBF, 39.2±6.2 and 45.2±3.6 ml/100 g/min, respectively. In hypertensive patients with white matter hyperintensive changes, CBF was significantly lower than that in the controls: right CBF, 38.5±5.9 ml/100 g/min (p = 0.0001); left CBF, 39.2±6.7 ml/100 g/min (p = 0.002), and in those without these changes, right CBF was 39.5±5.1 ml/100 g/min (p = 0.0002); left CBF was 38.9±4.3 ml/100 g/min (p = 0.00002). Correlation analysis revealed significant inverse correlations of CBF with BP and systolic BP variability. Conclusion. Lower cerebral perfusion occurs in middle-aged untreated patients with uncomplicated grade 1-2 hypertension even in the absence of white matter hyperintensity foci.