Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Brzecka, Leszek, Ashraf, Ejma, ávila-Rodriguez, Yarla, Tarasov, Chubarev, Samsonova, Barreto and Aliev. Sleep disturbances, as well as sleep-wake rhythm disturbances, are typical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may precede the other clinical signs of this neurodegenerative disease. Here, we describe clinical features of sleep disorders in AD and the relation between sleep disorders and both cognitive impairment and poor prognosis of the disease. There are difficulties of the diagnosis of sleep disorders based on sleep questionnaires, polysomnography or actigraphy in the AD patients. Typical disturbances of the neurophysiological sleep architecture in the course of the AD include deep sleep and paradoxical sleep deprivation. Among sleep disorders occurring in patients with AD, the most frequent disorders are sleep breathing disorders and restless legs syndrome. Sleep disorders may influence circadian fluctuations of the concentrations of amyloid-β in the interstitial brain fluid and in the cerebrovascular fluid related to the glymphatic brain system and production of the amyloid-β. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that disordered sleep contributes to cognitive decline and the development of AD pathology. In this mini-review, we highlight and discuss the association between sleep disorders and AD.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Antidepressants are among the most commonly prescribed drugs due to their effectivenes in treating depression and anxiety disorders. One of the reasons for early discontinuation of taking antidepressants are side-effects. Agomelatine is a relatively novel antidepressant with high efficacy and good tolerance. Clinical effects of agomelatine include a reduction in symptoms of depression, anti-anxiety and hypnotic effects, as well as the rapid elimination of anhedonia, which determines high adherence to therapy, restoration of normal social functioning, and complete remission of disease.

AIM: To analyze proceedings of the I-X Conferences 'Modern problems of somnology'. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors have analyzed 888 abstracts from the abstract books of the conferences held from 1998 to 2016 in Moscow and Saint-Petersburg. The territorial, sectoral and scientific indicators of the activity of participants as well as longitudinal research trends were analyzed. Mathematical and statistical data analysis was carried out using the methods of descriptive statistics (95% confidence intervals) and χ2 tests. RESULTS: On average, 300 researchers from 6 countries and 14 regions of Russia participated in each conference, most from higher education (19), research (16) and medical (12) institutions. The highest number of publications were related to clinical somnology and sleep medicine (50% to different neurological conditions), the numeral material was included in 83% and statistical analysis was performed in 32.5%. A trend towards more active participation of research and medical institutions from all the country and involvement of new regions was observed. The interest to the clinical subjects, including treatment choices in sleep disorders as well as organizing aspects of sleep medicine, has been increasing. The number of studies on different aspects of sleep apnea has increased significantly as well. CONCLUSION: The features of scientific and clinical activity in the field of somnology presented in the materials of conferences are stable in terms of the institutional and territorial representation. It complies to international trends of research and clinical development. This allows better planning of the structure and main issues of the further conferences.