Репозиторий Университета

AIM: To develop and justify optimal nutritional support in early phase of acute pancreatitis (AP).MATERIAL AND METHODS: 140 AP patients were enrolled. They were divided into groups depending on nutritional support: group I (n=70) - early enteral tube feeding (ETF) with balanced mixtures, group II (n=30) - early ETF with oligopeptide mixture, group III (n=40) - total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The subgroups were also isolated depending on medication: A - Octreotide, B - Quamatel, C - Octreotide + Quamatel. Pancreatic secretion was evaluated by using of course of disease, instrumental methods, APUD-system hormone levels (secretin, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, vasointestinal peptide).RESULTS: ETF was followed by pancreas enlargement despite ongoing therapy, while TPN led to gradual reduction of pancreatic size up to normal values. α-amylase level progressively decreased in all groups, however in patients who underwent ETF (I and II) mean values of the enzyme were significantly higher compared with TPN (group III). Secretin, cholecystokinin and vasointestinal peptide were increasing in most cases, while the level of somatostatin was below normal in all groups.CONCLUSION: Enteral tube feeding (balanced and oligopeptide mixtures) contributes to pancreatic secretion compared with TPN, but this negative impact is eliminated by antisecretory therapy. Dual medication (Octreotide + Quamatel) is more preferable than monotherapy (Octreotide or Quamatel).

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Solid pseudopapillary tumor is a low-grade malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. The clinical manifestations are variable, ranging from an asymptomatic course to cases with severe symptoms that dramatically impair the patients’ status. The paper describes the rare case of a solid pseudopapillary tumor in a 34-year-old woman, which was accompanied by difficulties in the interpretation of clinical data and morphological patterns.

© 2018 Russian Transplant Society. All rights reserved. Aim. To analyse the status and trends in the development of organ donation and organ transplantation in the Russian Federation according to 2017 data. Materials and methods. The survey of heads of transplantation centers was conducted. A comparative analysis of the data obtained in the dynamics of years, between individual subjects of the Russian Federation, the centers of transplantation is performed. Results. According to the register in 2017 in Russia there were only 41 centers for kidney transplantation, 24 liver and 16 hearts. The waiting list for kidney transplantation in 2017 included 5,531 potential recipients, which is approximately 13.8% of the total number of 40,000 patients receiving dialysis. The level of donor activity in 2017 was 3.8 per million of the population, while the share of multiorgan seizures was 66.5%, the average number of organs received from one effective donor was 2.8. In 2017, the level of kidney transplantation was 8.0 per million of the population, the liver transplantation index was 3.0 per million of the population; the rate of heart transplantation is 1.7 per million of the population. In 2017 the number of transplants in Russia increased by 11.3% compared to 2016. There are 11 transplantation centers on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow Region, and half of all kidney transplants and 70% of all liver and heart transplantations are performed. The number of patients with transplanted organs in the Russian Federation is approaching 13,000. Conclusion. In the Russian Federation there is a strong tendency to increase the number of effective donors and to increase the number of organ transplants, and the number of transplant centers is also increasing. In recent years, the country has created prerequisites for the development of organ donation and transplantation: the regulatory and legal framework, public donation funding, material and technical base, etc. In the coming years, positive experience and organizational patterns of organ donation and transplantation from successful regions in Other subjects of the Russian Federation for building effective programs. The leading role in this process should be played by the Academician V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs.