Calf demand provision by mammary gland secretion during the first decade of post-natal development
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01.10.2019 |
Shapovalov S.
Mikhaylov S.
Andrey S.
Chereshneva Y.
Tsomartova D.
Ivanova M.
Tsomartova E.
Shapovalova D.
Pavlova M.
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Heliyon |
10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02676 |
0 |
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© 2019 The Author(s) The article highlights the experimental results on calf demand provision by mammary gland secretion during the first days of post-natal development. Changes in mammary gland secretion content during the transition process from colostrum to natural milk were showed. Lactoferrin level changes were demonstrated. Population-based composition of colostrum somatic cells was determined. A hypothesis concerning apoptosis role of the somatic cells and neutrophils’ burst was presented. The present study highlights calf provision with mammary gland secretion during the first 10 days of the postnatal development. Analytical chemistry; Food science; Animal science; Animal nutrition; Ruminant; Colostrum; Immunoglobulins; Lactoferrin; Somatic cells; Minor nutrient elements
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The effect of triple therapy on the mortality of catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome patients
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01.07.2018 |
Rodríguez-Pintó I.
Espinosa G.
Erkan D.
Shoenfeld Y.
Cervera R.
Piette J.
Jacek M.
Roca B.
Tektonidou M.
Moutsopoulos H.
Boffa J.
Chapman J.
Stojanovich L.
Veloso M.
Praprotnik S.
Traub B.
Levy R.
Daryl T.
Tan D.
Boffa M.
Makatsaria A.
Ruano M.
Allievi A.
You W.
Khamastha M.
Hughes S.
Nilzete L.
Menendez Suso J.
Pacheco J.
Boriotti M.
Dias C.
Pangtey G.
Miller S.
Policepatil S.
Larissa L.
Marjatta S.
Carolyn S.
Noortje T.
Reiner K.
Arteaga S.
Leilani T.
Langsford D.
Niedzwiecki M.
Queyrel V.
Moroti-Constantinescu R.
Romero C.
Jeremic K.
Urbano A.
Hurtado-García R.
Kumar Das A.
Costedoat-Chalumeau N.
Yngvar F.
Gomez-Puerta J.
de Meigs E.
Smith J.
Zakharova E.
Nayer A.
Douglas W.
Lyndsey R.
Blanco V.
Vicent C.
Natalya K.
Damian L.
Valentini E.
Giula B.
Casal Moura M.
Loperena O.
Susan Y.
Imbert G.
Almasri H.
Hospach T.
Mouna B.
Robles A.
Wilson H.
Guisado P.
Ruiz R.
Rodriguez J.
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Rheumatology (United Kingdom) |
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10 |
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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the effect that triple therapy (anticoagulation plus CS plus plasma exchange and/or IVIGs) has on the mortality risk of patients with catastrophic APS (CAPS) included in the CAPS Registry. Methods. Patients from the CAPS Registry were grouped based on their treatments: triple therapy; drugs included in the triple therapy but in different combinations; and none of the treatments included in the triple therapy. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare mortality risk between groups. Results. The CAPS Registry cohort included 525 episodes of CAPS accounting for 502 patients. After excluding 54 episodes (10.3%), a total of 471 patients with CAPS were included [mean (S.D.) age 38.5 years (17); 68.2% female primary APS patients 62%]. Overall, 174 (36.9%) patients died. Triple therapy was prescribed in 189 episodes (40.1%), other combinations in 270 (57.3%) and none of those treatments in 12 episodes (2.5%); the mortality rate in the three groups was 28.6, 41.1 and 75%, respectively. Triple therapy was positively associated with a higher chance of survival when compared with non-treatment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 9.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 40.6] or treatment with other combinations of drugs included in the triple therapy (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6). No statistical differences were found between patients that received triple therapy with plasma exchange or IVIGs (P = 0.92). Conclusion. Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS.
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Use of nonbiologic treatments in antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria: a review of published evidence
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02.01.2018 |
Holm J.
Ivyanskiy I.
Thomsen S.
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Journal of Dermatological Treatment |
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6 |
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© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: Knowledge of effectiveness and safety of the nonbiologic, nonantihistamine treatments used for chronic urticaria is important as in some cases the principal guideline-recommended drug; omalizumab, has limited effect, side effects or is too expensive or unavailable. Herein, we systematically review the evidence for the use of the nonbiologic treatments in antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed and Webofscience and identified studies that reported use of one or more of the nonbiological, nonantihistamine treatment options for chronic urticaria. The studies were evaluated based on study design, number of patients, effect of treatment and safety. Results: We identified 118 studies or case series with 13 different treatments (azathioprine, chloroquine, colchicine, cyclosporine, dapsone, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), methotrexate, montelukast, mycophenolate mofetil, plasmapheresis, sulfasalazine, tranexamic acid and ultraviolet light (UV) A, UVB) totaling 1682 patients. There was a paucity of controlled trials for most of the treatments reviewed albeit the strongest evidence in favor of a beneficial effect in chronic urticaria was, apart from montelukast and cyclosporine, seen for UV therapy and dapsone followed by IVIG. Conclusion: The treatment options reviewed should be seen as potential alternatives in treatment-resistant chronic urticaria where guideline-based selections have failed. However, larger controlled trials are warranted to advance the level of evidence, possibly supporting some treatments’ future recommendation in selected patients.
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Therapeutic plasma exchange in intensive care and intensive nephrology
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01.01.2018 |
Vetsheva S.
Loss K.
Podkorytova O.
Lebedkov E.
Stolbova I.
Nazarova I.
Tkachenko N.
Tarnopolskiy R.
Yakovleva I.
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Nephrology and Dialysis |
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0 |
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© 2018 S. Karger AG.All right reserved. Therapeutic plasma exchange (PE) is a procedure of removing and replacing a large volume of plasma with various biologically active substances that have a pathological effect on the patient. Plasma exchange in some diseases is one of the components of pathogenetic therapy (ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis, antiphospholipid syndrome, Goodpasture's syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy, etc.). PE removes circulating immune complexes damaging tissues and organs and restores the coagulation system. In the practical recommendations of the American Apheresis Society (2016) leading experts in the field of apheresis therapy, based on an analysis of numerous clinical studies, gave clear recommendations to use the apheresis technologies for extracorporeal detoxification. Also 4 categories of indications and contraindications, assessing the benefits of carrying out apheresis procedures for a specific nosology were specified. A number of new diseases have been introduced, such as atopic (neuro) dermatitis (atopic eczema), cardiac neonatal lupus, Hashimoto encephalopathy, HELLP syndrome, in which PE is one of the leading therapeutic approaches as well as cytotoxic and glucocorticosteroid therapy. However, the use of plasma exchange in the treatment of some diseases remains controversial, for example, sepsis. So further research is needed.
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Effect of N-acetylcysteine on mucosal immunity of respiratory tract
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01.01.2018 |
Kalyuzhin O.
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Terapevticheskii Arkhiv |
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0 |
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© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The outcome of diseases accompanied or caused by mucostasis depends both on the restoration of drainage function of the airways and on the effectiveness of immune mechanisms against pathogens. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as mucolytic and antioxidant remedy in clinical practice. In this regard, the data of the scientific literature on the direct and indirect effects of NAC on the mucosal immunity of the respiratory tract have been reviewed. NAC possesses pleiotropic immunomodulating properties, most of which contribute to the regression of clinical manifestations of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Biological and pharmacological effects of NAC include improvement in rheological properties of mucus, reduction of excess mucin production, restoration of mucociliary clearance and production of sIgA, suppression of excess production of IgE and IgG4, destruction of biofilms and inhibition of their formation, suppression of adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cells, antioxidant activity, regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. There was no convincing evidence that NAC is able to suppress any component of mucosal immunity. For final conclusions on this subject, further research are required.
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Toxic epidermal necrolysis as a variant of severe skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus
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01.01.2018 |
Vorobyeva L.
Aseeva E.
Solovyev S.
Belousova T.
Lopatina N.
Sazhina E.
Serikova G.
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Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya |
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0 |
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© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) has been long believed to be the most severe manifestation of drug allergy. However, cutaneous changes as TEN in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were first described in the late 1970s. As of now, the English-language literature published reports of 30 cases of such lesions in SLE. This paper describes a clinical case of TEN as a direct manifestation of SLE; the positive experience has been first depicted in using not only intravenous immunoglobulin, but also rituximab with a good therapeutic effect in Russian clinical practice.
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Immunoglobulinopathies in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
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01.01.2018 |
Chernova N.
Soboleva N.
Mariina S.
Sidorova Y.
Sinitsyna M.
Dvirnyk V.
Badmazhapova D.
Vinogradova Y.
Zvonkov E.
Savchenko V.
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Terapevticheskii Arkhiv |
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0 |
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© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Contex. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma, characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and dysproteinemia. Hypergammaglobulinaemia is revealed in 50-83% pts with AITL. However, the characteristics of immunoglobulinopathies observed in AITL are scarce. Objective: The aim of the study was to characterize quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies in patients with AITL at the onset of the disease. Patients and methods. 55 patients with newly diagnosed AITL were enrolled in the study, the male/female ratio was 30/25; median age was 61 (29-81) years. Diagnosis was based on standard WHO criteria. Immunochemical studies of blood serum included serum protein electrophoresis/immunofixation, nephelometric quantification of total immunoglobulins, serum free light chain assay. Results. Quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies were determined in 49 (89,1%) of 55 pts. Quantitative immunoglobulinopathies were revealed in 47 (85.5%) of 55 cases, qualitative - in 14 (25,5%). Combination quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies was observed in 12 (21,8%) of 55 pts. The detected immunoglobulinopathies were divided into 4 groups: polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, hypogammaglobulinaemia, oligoclonal gammapathy, and monoclonal gammapathy. Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia was marked in 41 (74.5%) of 55 pts, elevated level of IgG was determined in 27 (49,15%) of 55 cases, IgM - in 18 (32,7%) and IgA - in 21 (38.2%). Interestingly, polyclonal IgE hypergammaglobulinaemia was detected in 12 (48,0%) of 25 cases of performed studies. Hypogammaglobulinaemia was detected in 8 (14,5%) of 55 cases. Oligoclonal gammapathy was determined in 4 (7.3%) of 55 pts. Monoclonal gammapathy was revealed in 11 (20,0%) of 55 cases. The amount of monoclonal immunoglobulin varied from 2.6 to 14.1 g/l. Monoclonal immunoglobulin Gk was detected in 5 of 11 pts, Gλ - in 2, Mλ - in 2, Mk - in 2. Monoclonal gammapathy was accompanied by polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia in 9 of 11 cases, hypogammaglobulinaemia - in 2. Conclusions. Quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies are observed in most patients at the onset of AITL. Quantitative abnormalities were determined more often than qualitative. Monoclonal gammapathy can be a manifestation of lymphoproliferation and other concomitant disorders. The prognostic value of immunochemical parameters is still unclear and requires dynamic observation and study.
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Diagnosis of IgG4 - related ophthalmic disease in a group of patients with various lesions of the eye and orbits
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01.01.2018 |
Vasilyev V.
Safonova T.
Socol E.
Probatova N.
Kokosadze N.
Pavlovskaya A.
Kovrigina A.
Radenska-Lopovok S.
Gorodetsky V.
Rodionova E.
Palshina S.
Aleksandrova E.
Shornikova N.
Gaiduk I.
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Terapevticheskii Arkhiv |
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0 |
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© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Purpose of the study. To provide demographic, clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, radiological, morphological/ immunomorphological phenotype of IgG4-related ophthalmic diseases, which allowsmaking a differential diagnosis with granulomatous, autoimmune, inflammatory, endocrine and hematologic diseases affecting the eye and orbits. Materials and methods. From 2004 to 2016 108 (78.2%) of the 138 patients were diagnosed with non-tumoral lesions of eye and orbits. In 48 patients (35%) at admission and 5 patients in the follow were diagnosed IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. In the analysis of 82 (f-44, m- 38) patients with IgG4-related disease, localization of lesions in orbit observed in 53 (f-36, m-17) and it was the most frequent involvement in patients with IgG4-related disease (64.5%). Only 7 patients had isolated IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, whereas 46 patients (87%) had involvement of 2-7 locations, as a manifestation of IgG4-related systemic disease.During the examination, the average age of patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease was 47.5 years (19-73 years). Median time to diagnosis was 52.8 months before 2004 and 36 months 2004-2016. Results. We noted the predominance of females in the ratio 2: 1 inthe group of patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Edema of the eyelids, nasal congestion (55-60%), tumor-like formations of the upper eyelids and increased lacrimation prevailed at the onset of the disease, whereas such functional impairment like limited mobility and pain in eyeballs, exophthalmos, ptosis and diplopia appeared later at 15-38% with a loss visual acuity in one case. Bilateral lesion (86%), mainly affecting the lacrimal glands (93.5%), infiltration of the extraocular muscles (83.5%) and retrobulbar tissue with a thickening of the optic nerve in one third of patients were the main localizations IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Clinical symptoms were accompanied by the appearance of moderate inflammatory activity (38%), increased levels IgG (44%), IgG4(88%) and IgE (61%). Indicators of autoimmune disorders observed in 6-22% of patients, most often in patients with simultaneous involvement of the salivary glands. Significant lymphoplasmacytic infiltration (94%) with a ratio of plasma cells (IgG4/IgG) secreting IgG4> 40% (90%) with fibrosis formation (94%) and follicle formation (71%) with a moderate amount of eosinophils (34%) were the major morphological / immunomorphological manifestations of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Signs of vasculitis and obliterative phlebitis were found in a small amount of patients. Conclusion. Determination of elevated levels of IgG-4 / IgE in patients with edema, pseudotumor of the eyelid, sinusitis and increase of the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland suggests the presence of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Minimally invasive incisional biopsy of lacrimal glands and salivary glands followed by morphological / immunomorphological research is needed for the correct diagnosis. Diagnostic orbitotomy in ophthalmic hospitals in such cases is inexpedient, since it leads to the development of dry eye. Massive lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with IgG4 / IgG ratio more than 40%, advanced fibrosis in biopsiesof the orbits tissue or salivary glands when combined lesions are required for the making the diagnosis of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease.
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Molecular Aspects of Allergens and Allergy
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01.01.2018 |
Valenta R.
Karaulov A.
Niederberger V.
Gattinger P.
van Hage M.
Flicker S.
Linhart B.
Campana R.
Focke-Tejkl M.
Curin M.
Eckl-Dorna J.
Lupinek C.
Resch-Marat Y.
Vrtala S.
Mittermann I.
Garib V.
Khaitov M.
Valent P.
Pickl W.
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Advances in Immunology |
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14 |
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© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-associated allergy is the most common immune disorder. More than 30% of the population suffer from symptoms of allergy which are often severe, disabling, and life threatening such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Population-based birth cohort studies show that up to 60% of the world population exhibit IgE sensitization to allergens, of which most are protein antigens. Thirty years ago the first allergen-encoding cDNAs have been isolated. In the meantime, the structures of most of the allergens relevant for disease in humans have been solved. Here we provide an update regarding what has been learned through the use of defined allergen molecules (i.e., molecular allergology) and about mechanisms of allergic disease in humans. We focus on new insights gained regarding the process of sensitization to allergens, allergen-specific secondary immune responses, and mechanisms underlying allergic inflammation and discuss open questions. We then show how molecular forms of diagnosis and specific immunotherapy are currently revolutionizing diagnosis and treatment of allergic patients and how allergen-specific approaches may be used for the preventive eradication of allergy.
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