Increased fear learning, spatial learning as well as neophobia in Rgs2 <sup>−/−</sup> mice
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01.04.2018 |
Raab A.
Popp S.
Lesch K.
Lohse M.
Fischer M.
Deckert J.
Hommers L.
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Genes, Brain and Behavior |
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7 |
Ссылка
© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society Anxiety disorders result from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors such as stress. On the level of cellular signaling, regulator of G protein signaling 2 (Rgs2) has been implicated in human and rodent anxiety. However, there is limited knowledge about the role of Rgs2 in fear learning and reactivity to stress. In this study, Rgs2 −/− mice showed increased fear learning, male mice displayed increased contextual and cued fear learning, while females showed selectively enhanced cued fear learning. Male Rgs2 −/− mice displayed increased long-term-contextual fear memory, but increased cued fear extinction. Learning in spatial non-aversive paradigms was also increased in Rgs2 −/− mice. Female, but not male mice show increased spatial learning in the Barnes maze, while male mice showed enhanced place preference in the IntelliCage, rendering enhanced cognitive function non-specific for aversive stimuli. Consistent with the previous results, Rgs2 deletion resulted in increased innate anxiety, including neophobic behavior expressed as hypolocomotion, in three different tests based on the approach-avoidance conflict. Acute electric foot shock stress provoked hypolocomotion in several exploration-based tests, suggesting fear generalization in both genotypes. Rgs2 deletion was associated with reduced monoaminergic neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and disturbed corresponding GPCR expression of the adrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic and neuropeptide Y system. Taken together, Rgs2 deletion promotes improved cognitive function as well as increased anxiety-like behavior, but has no effect on acute stress reactivity. These effects may be related to the observed disruption of the monoaminergic systems.
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Remote ischemic preconditioning with the use of lower limb before coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and anesthesia with propofol
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01.01.2018 |
Tuter D.
Komarov R.
Glasachev O.
Syrkin A.
Severova L.
Ivanova E.
Lomonosova A.
Kopylov F.
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Kardiologiya |
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0 |
Ссылка
© 2018 Limited Liability Company KlinMed Consulting. All Rights Reserved. Objective: to study potantial of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) as method of cardioprotection during coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and anesthesia with propofol. Materials and methods. We included in this study 87 patients (7 were excluded) with ischemic heart disease, hospitalized in the clinic of aortic and cardiovascular surgery of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University clinical hospital № 1. All patients had indications for direct myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass surgery. One day before operation patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups depending on preparation scheme: main group of RIP and the control group. The frequency of complications during surgery and in the postoperative period was assessed. Troponin I level was measured before, and in 2 and 24 hours after surgery. The level of lactate in the venous blood was measured before and after surgery. Results. Numbers of intraoperative and early postoperative complications in the main and control groups were similar. There were no differences between groups in troponin I and lactate levels after surgery. Conclusions. Remote ischemic preconditioning has no effect on the outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and anesthesia with propofol.
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Application of intervalic hypoxic-hyperoxic entrainment to prevention of intraand early postoperational complications in coronary bypass grafting
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01.01.2018 |
Tuter D.
Komarov R.
Glazachev O.
Syrkin A.
Severova L.
Ivanova E.
Kopylov F.
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Russian Journal of Cardiology |
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0 |
Ссылка
© Russian Journal of Cardiology. Aim. To assess possibility and safety of intervalic hypoxic-hyperoxic training (HHT) as a method of cardioprotection and metabolic adaptation of myocardium for onpump coronary bypass surgery. Material and methods. Totally, 80 coronary heart disease patients included, hospitalized to the clinics of aortic and cardiosurgery of the University hospital of Sechenov University. All had indications for the operation — direct myocardial revascularization with bypass grafting. In 5 days before surgery, according to the scheme of preparation, the patients were randomized to two groups (main — with HHT, and controls; n=40). The rate of complications was evaluated, during the operation and in post-surgery period. The level of troponin I was measured before operation, in 2 and 24 hours after, as well as level of lactate in venous blood before and after operation. Results. The rate of intra- and early postsurgery complications in both groups did not differ significantly, though in the main there was tendency to decline of total rate of complications. In patients of HHT group median troponin I was significantly lower: 1,068 (0,388; 1,397) ng/L, when in controls — 1,980 (1,068; 3,239) ng/mL, р=0,012. Lactate level after HHT operation was significantly lower — 1,74 (1,23; 2,04) mM/L, comparing to the controls — 2,10 (1,80; 2,29) mM/L, р=0,04. Conclusion. The applicability and safety were demonstrated, of HHT as a method of cardioprotection in shunting of coronary arteries on-pump. Taken low number of participants, it is important to conduct broader investigation on this type of entrainment.
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