Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House.All right reserved. Impaired B-cell immunological tolerance plays a central role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases and autoimmune diseases of another nature. B-cells link innate and acquired immunity: they express Toll-like receptors that respond to danger signals; act as antigen-presenting cells; induce an antigen-specific immune response; determine the development of immunological memory; and synthesize a wide range of cytokines that regulate (stimulate or suppress) an immune response and inflammation. In autoimmune diseases, there are metabolic and B-cellular signaling disturbances that lead to defects in B-regulatory, T-regulatory, follicular T-helper, and dendritic cells. B-cells synthesize organ-nonspecific and organ-specific autoantibodies that are biomarkers for autoimmune diseases and play an important role in their immunopathogenesis. Anti-B-cell therapy that causes B-cell depletion in blood and target organs is effective in a wide range of autoimmune diseases. Its efficiency is determined by various mechanisms, such as suppression of pathogenic autoantibody synthesis; modulation of the function of B-cells (antigen presentation, cytokine synthesis, and costimulation), T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Further study of a strategy for targeted anti-B-cell therapy, mechanisms of action, and new targets is important for the progress of modern rheumatology to improve the treatment strategy of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The development of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) is associated with the hyperergic reaction of the human immune system. The development of autoimmune inflammation is preceded by contact with internal or external trigger factors (adjuvants) of immune disorders. ASIA is associated with an individual genetic predisposition that is probably associated with the carriage of HLA-DRB1*01 or HLA-DRB4. The paper presents five possible options for the impact of adjuvants in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. It gives diagnostic criteria for the syndrome, as well as its clinical, laboratory and morphological manifestations. Emphasis is laid on the importance of morphological changes in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders. The spectrum of morphological changes in ASIA is extensive. The tissues show signs of immune inflammation, such as lymphohistiocytic infiltration, granulomatous inflammation, and scleroderma-like changes. The characteristic feature is the regression of clinical, laboratory, and morphological manifestations after adjuvant removal.