Репозиторий Университета

© 2019 Objective: According to one of the hypotheses, somatoform disorders (SD) are related to disturbed perception of bodily signals. We suspect that the disturbances and abnormalities of multisensory integration dynamics may be an additional SD mechanism. The objective of the research was to investigate multisensory bodily illusion dynamics in SD patients. Methods: A clinical group of SD patients (n = 16) and a control group (n = 17) participated in experiments aimed at eliciting a visual-tactile rubber hand illusion (RHI) and a visual-kinesthetic virtual hand illusion (VHI). Results: For both illusions studied, the illusion dynamics in SD patients differed from those of healthy subjects. The visual-tactile illusion on the subjective level appeared to be less strong in SD patients, and no proprioceptive drift (PD) was detected. The subjective dynamics of the visual-kinesthetic illusion in patients were similar to those of the control group, but the PD dynamics were different: after the termination of stimuli from the artificial limb, the proprioceptive system did not return to its initial state; on the contrary, PD continued to increase. Conclusion: In comparison with the norm, patients with somatoform disorders display differences in multisensory mechanisms underlying the development of body perception. The results suggest that the disturbance of visual-tactile integration of the stimuli represents one of the mechanisms of body perception distortion in somatoform disorders. It may be assumed that one of the reasons for persistent symptom perception in SD patients is the rigidity of multisensory stimuli perception, at least in the visual-motor domain.

In recent years scientists actively study the influence of domestic violence on psychological status and occurrence of mental disorders in women and girls. Psychological, physical, sexual and other types of violence are distinguished, the consequences of which are studied in many countries under the auspices of WHO. In international studies the serious consequences of domestic violence for women are investigated. It was found out that women develop stressful disorders, depression and dependence on psychoactive substances. Negative influence of domestic violence at girls is expressed in formation of behavioral disorders, violations of sexual development, suicidal trends. At analysis of consequences of domestic violence by WHO was developed the concept of "cycle of violence" and cruelty inside family when in process of long influence of psychological traumatic factors at women and girls aggressive actions occurred so that victim and aggressor changed places. The objective of the study was to analyze the current state of the problem on the basis of the literature data, to study the data on the consequences of domestic violence and cruelty against women and girls, to identify gender-specific violations.