Репозиторий Университета

© Ruslania 2018. All rights reserved. Drug toxidermia is one of the most common skin diseases. Traditional therapy of drug toxidermia, which includes antihistamines and desensitizing agents, cannot stop manifestations of the pathological process in many cases, while the forced appointment of systemic glucocorticoids can lead to the development of un-desired complications. The review gives a detailed description of various mechanisms of drug toxidermia and provides information about the development of tests to identify patients with increased risk of drug toxidermia.

© Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Surgical treatment as accelerated functional recovery for discogenic radiculopathy has been proven to have advantages over medical treatment, the efficiency of which remains debatable. Objective: to investigate the efficiency of combination conservative treatment in patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy. Patients and methods. Thirty patients (12 men and 18 women; mean age, 39.5±2.2 years) with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging were followed up. All the patients underwent combination conservative treatment (epidural glucocorticoid administration, analgesic therapy, and motor mode correction). They were surveyed using questionnaires (numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Oswestry disability index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the 12-Item Short Form (SF-12) of Quality of Life (QoL) Questionnaire on admission to the clinic, at 7-14 days after treatment (pain intensity and functional status), and in the long-term period (at 3, 6 and 12 months) after discharge. At baseline, the patients were severely disabled due to pain syndrome. The average Oswestry index was 57.9±3.7%, the back and leg pain intensity scores were 6.5±0.6 and 6.9±0.5, respectively, as evidenced by NPRC. The majority of patients were found to have the combined musculoskeletal sources of pain, such as a myofascial component in 56.7% and sacroiliac joint dysfunction in 43.3%. In these cases, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants were additionally used. Results. The conservative treatment resulted in a statistically significant clinical improvement with a preserved positive effect in the long term: at 1 year, the average Oswestry index was equal to 16.6±3.9%, the back and leg pain intensity scores were 1.7±0.5 and 1.6±0.5, respectively, as shown by NPRC (p<0.001 vs baseline). Within a year, only one female patient required surgical treatment; regression of large extrusions and sequesters, the average initial size of which reached 11.1 mm, was observed in 9 cases. Conclusion. The findings reflect the efficiency of conservative treatment and the expediency of detecting mixed musculoskeletal disorders and their correction in discogenic radiculopathy.

© Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Objective: to investigate the efficiency of treatment for acute and subacute dorsalgia, by providing information to patients and by using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) without conducting physical therapy, reflexotherapy, and manual therapy. Patients and methods. A total of 140 patients (87 women and 53 men; mean age 50.7±17.6 years) with acute and subacute back pain were followed up. Out of them 127 (91%) patients were found to have nonspecific (musculoskeletal) pain; 13 (9%) had discogenic radiculopathy. All the patients were informed of the benign nature of the disease, the high probability of its rapid resolution, the feasibility of abandoning prolonged bedrest, and the lack of need for physical therapy, reflexotherapy, massage, and manual therapy. To reduce pain, the patients received meloxicam 15 mg/day orally or intramuscularly or first 15 mg/day intramuscularly and then orally. The investigators assessed pain intensity with the numerical rating scale and functional activity restrictions with the Roland-Morris disability (RMD) questionnaire. Results. After treatment, the visual analogue scale pain intensity scores decreased from an average of 6.4 to 1.0; the RMD scores dropped from 6.8 to 1.4 (p<0.001). The duration of treatment averaged 11.0±4.4 days. Comparison of different meloxicam dosage regimens showed no significant differences; a positive result was noted in all cases. No adverse events were observed during treatment. Conclusion. The investigation has shown the high efficiency of management in patients with acute and subacute dorsalgia, by providing information to patients (an education conversation), by using meloxicam, and by applying a personalized approach (treatment for concomitant diseases and conditions). Refusing physiotherapy, massage, acupuncture, and manual therapy substantially reduces the cost of treatment in patients with acute dorsalgia.

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All Rights Reserved. In 2015, the experts from various medical associations of Russia elaborated the clinical guidelines "Rational use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in clinical practice". These guidelines were drawn up to improve the use of NSAIDs, our country's most popular agents to treat pain in acute and chronic diseases. The main purpose of this paper was to reduce the frequency of potentially dangerous class-specific adverse events (AE) that may arise from the use of NSAIDs. To do this, the authors proposed a NSAID choice algorithm based on the assessment of risk factors for AE, the individual characteristics of various representatives of this drug group, and the possibility of prevention of AE. Since then, new data on the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs have been obtained. This has necessitated the revision and addition of a number of provisions in the 2015 guidelines. It seems that the new version of the guidelines, which has been drawn up based on the analysis of a large number of clinical and epidemiological studies, their meta-analysis, by taking into account the clinical experience and opinion of the world's leading experts, presents more fully the main aspects of the use of NSAIDs in real clinical practice. The guidelines are intended for physicians of all specialties.