Репозиторий Университета

© 2019 The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PC). A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in March 2019 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared patients with PC with high versus low LDH to determine the predictive value of LDH for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We performed a formal meta-analysis for both OS and PFS. A total of 59 articles with 14,851 patients were included in the systematic review and 45 studies with 12,224 patients for the qualitative assessment. High LDH was associated with both worse OS (pooled hazard ratio [HR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75-2.44) and PFS (pooled HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.16). In subgroup analyses of both patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and those with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC), LDH was associated with OS (pooled HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.69-2.42 and pooled HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.78-2.84, respectively). In patients with CRPC, LDH was associated with OS in those treated with docetaxel systemic chemotherapy and androgen receptor–axis-targeting agents (pooled HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.37-3.00 and pooled HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.25-2.57, respectively). Elevated serum levels of LDH were associated with an increased risk of mortality and progression in patients with metastatic PC. LDH was independently associated with OS in both patients with CRPC and HSPC. LDH could be integrated into prognostic tools that help guide treatment strategy, thereby facilitating the shared decision-making process.

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Objectives. To study the expression of various neurotransmitter transporters (glutamate, aspartate, lactate, choline) in cultures of astrocytes from different part of the brain (cortex, hippocampus, and brainstem) in rats aged three and 11 days. Materials and methods. An experimental study was performed using 24 Rattus norvegicus rats aged three (n = 12) and 11 days (n = 12). High-throughput sequencing results were analyzed. Results. Expression of the glutamate and aspartate transporters in the brainstem in three-day-old rats was greater than in other areas, though the reverse pattern was seen in rats aged 11 days. Expression of the lactate transporter with age was identical to that in the cortex. Conclusions. The data obtained here demonstrated the nature of neuroastrocyte relationships and the role of astrocytes in the process of signal transmission. The results of the study, carried out using original methods of investigating neurotransmitter transporters, allow them to be recommended for monitoring the processes of neurogenesis and neurohomeostasis, including in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

© Team of authors, 2018. Objective. To investigate the expression of transporters of different neurotransmitters (glutamate, aspartate, lactate, choline) in the culture of astrocytes isolated from different regions of the brain (cortex, hippocampus and brainstem) in 3- and 11-day rats. Material and methods. An experimental study was performed on 24 3-(n=12) and 11-days (n=12) old rats (Rattus norvegicus). The results of high-performance sequencing were analyzed. Results. The expression of glutamate and aspartate transporters in the brainstem of 3-day rats was higher than in other regions, however, an opposite effect was observed in 11-day rats. The expression of lactate transporters with age became identical to those of the cortex. Conclusion. The data demonstrate the particular qualities of neuro-astrocytic connections and the important role of astrocytes in signal transmission. Results of the study performed by using genetic methods developed by the authors for the study of neurotransmitter transporters make it possible to recommend these methods to control the neurogenesis and neurohomeostasis, including in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.