Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Cranial dystonia is a common disease of the extrapyramidal nervous system. The clinical manifestations of dystonia are extremely variable; many of its forms are often undiagnosed. Dystonia is a sensorimotor disorder of the nervous system. Damage affects not only one structure, but also a network of the nodes interacting with each other in the somatosensory cortex and associative sensory and motor fields, which play a role in the integration of various sensory modalities coming from both outside the body and from the receptors within it. Botulinum toxin preparations show the highest efficacy in treating cranial dystonia. If their administration cannot achieve a positive result, oral drugs and surgical treatments should be used.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Non-motor disturbances represented by sensory, affective, obsessive-compulsive disorders, cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances are often found in patients with dystonia and have a negative impact on their quality of life. The prevalence of sensory and affective disorders and sleep disturbances is above 50% in patients with cervical dystonia and is 25% in patients with blepharospasm, writing spasm; cognitive dysfunction is found in more than 25% of patients with focal dystonia. The relationship of nonmotor, in particular psychiatric disorders, with the impairment of social and everyday life and worsening of quality of life in whole was shown. Common pathophysiological mechanisms of non-motor disorders as well as approaches to treatment of these disorders are discussed. The authors present the results on the positive effect of botulinum toxin therapy that reduces cognitive dysfunction, sensory disorders and depressive syndrome. Non-medication treatment of non-motor disorders in patients with dystonia is considered.

© Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Botulinum toxin injection therapy is the mainstay for managing patients with motor manifestations of dystonia. It is important to identify possible cognitive and mental disorders, sleep and perceptual disorders (non-motor disorders) in these patients. Correction of these disorders will be able to optimize treatment and to improve quality of life of patients.