Репозиторий Университета

© 2018, Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. Objective: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the electronic ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra of herbal pharmaceutical substances (70% ethanol extracts) prepared from medicinal plant material of two snowdrop species – Galanthus woronowii Losinsk and Galanthus nivalis L. Methods: The groups of biologically active substances were investigated by UV-spectrophotometry including special sample preparation for flavonoids and alkaloids. Results: In the present study, data were obtained characterizing the composition of the main biologically active compounds of the genus Galanthus L., received its “spectrophotometric profiles.” On the basis of spectral characteristics of G. woronowii and G. nivalis flavonoids and alkaloids, we confirm feasibility for using galantamine, lycorine, quercetin, and its glycosides (hyperoside et al.) state standard samples in standardization analysis. Conclusion: It is shown that this method can be used to assess the quality of herbal pharmaceutical substances, serve to prove their identity in pharmacopoeial monograph.

© 2018, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences. This work focuses on the behavior and comparative assessment of the antioxidant activity of several well-known antioxidants using three different approaches with the same ABTS•+/potassium persulfate radical-generating system: a decolorization assay, kinetic assay, and visual-spectrophotometric titration assay. The decolorization assay is the most common approach but gives little information on antioxidant behavior. The kinetic assay can be used for an in-depth study of the specific features of a particular antioxidant and facilitates identification of the mechanism of action. The visual-spectrophotometric titration assay is complementary to the above assays and subdivided into two stages to demonstrate the contribution of the “fast” and “slow” scavenging properties to the total antioxidant activity. The trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) value ranges for several flavonoids and the endogenous antioxidants derived from these assays vary from 0.7 to 5.1, 0.5–2.8, and 0.4–3.7, respectively, while the sequence of the weakest antioxidant to the strongest is similar. The analysis of the kinetic curves for some flavonoids showed that their interaction with ABTS•+ has an atypical character. Based on the results of the kinetic and visual-spectrophotometric titration assays, fast-reacting (trolox, α-tocopherol), slow-reacting (naringenin, apigenin) and moderate-reacting antioxidant (dihydroquercetin, quercetin, rutin, morin, and glutathione) compounds were distinguished.

© 2018, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance. All rights reserved. Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. (Meadowsweet) is known in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, astringent and antibacterial remedy. However recent studies show that it also has neurotropic activity. In Russia meadowsweet flowers are used as crude herbal drugs (temporary pharmacopoeial monograph 42-1777-87), also leafs and herb are used in the traditional medicine. Objective of the study was to carry out comparative investigation of composition and content of major biologically active compounds (BAC) in Filipendula ulmaria herb, flowers and leafs by thin-layer chromatography, differential spectrophotometry with aluminum chloride reagent (total flavonoids in terms of rutoside), gravimetry (total extractives, extracted by water), permanganatometric titration (total tannins in terms of tannin). Rutoside, tannin, gallic acid and salicylic acid were identified in Filipendula ulmaria herb, flowers and leafs by TLC. Also we analyzed content of substances extracted by water, flavonoids and tannins. Total extractives, extracted by water in F. ulmaria herb is 13.12±0.10%, in leafs - 13.98±0.37%, in flowers - 18.09±0.17%. Total tannins in F. ulmaria herb is 11.87±0.47%, in leafs - 12.06±0.18%, in flowers - 12.26±0.29%. Total flavonoids in F. ulmaria herb 4.34±0.17%, in leafs - 6.98±0.23%, in flowers - 11.75±0.57%. The obtained data will be used for development of a pharmacopoeial monograph project “Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., herba” for inclusion in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids) of lyophilized aqueous extracts from Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir. raw material from 2010 and 2015 were studied using modern HPLC-DAD-MS. Primarily mono- and diglycosides of O-hydroxylated (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol) and O-methylated flavonols (isorhamnetin, laricitrin, syringetin) were identified. Long-term storage of dried raw material under standard conditions had little effect on the quantitative content of polyphenolic compounds. Acute toxicity studies of C. jubata extract showed no toxicity.

Flavonoids are herbal medicines and widely used for chronic venous diseases and hemorrhoids. Flavonoid diosmin in both micronized and non-micronized form is a part of various drugs. According to literature data, flavonoids are able to reduce venous stasis, suppress local inflammation, improve venous tone and lymphatic outflow. It should be noted that biological models of in vivo trials have certain limitations while available data of different researches are contradictory. However, flavonoids were recommended for hemorrhoids in view of meta-analysis of 14 trials comparing flavonoids (diosmin, micronized purified flavonoid fraction and rutosides) with placebo in 1514 patients with hemorrhoids and Cochrane review of 24 randomized controlled trials (2,334 participants). These drugs should be administered as a part of complex therapy. At the same time, there is no conclusive evidence to prefer only one of these medicines. There are also no data confirming the benefits of daily dosage of 3000 mg per day of micronized fraction of flavonoids compared with 1800 mg of purified diosmin per day for treatment of acute hemorrhoids.