Репозиторий Университета

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Introduction: Sarcomas of the mandible are extremely rare tumors, with osteosarcoma being the most common, followed by Ewing's sarcoma. Materials and methods: A retrospective review of the clinical records, imaging studies, and pathology slides of patients with sarcoma of the mandible at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center from 1998 to 2014 was undertaken. The impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy was studied, and factors impacting upon local control and disease-specific survival were analyzed. Results: Twenty-two patients were treated over the study period, comprising of 15 males and seven females. External swelling, intraoral growth, or facial numbness were the presenting symptoms. Eighteen patients had osteosarcoma and four had the Ewing's sarcoma. Nine patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All but one patient underwent surgery. Eleven had negative margins, with 90% recurrence-free survival at 3 years, compared to 10 with positive or close margins, leading to 67% recurrence-free survival. None of the patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy developed recurrence and all were alive at 3 years. The impact of postoperative radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Wide surgical resection with negative margins remains the hallmark of surgical treatment.

© 2018 Vitebsk State Medical University. All rights reserved. Primary-multifocal malignant tumors hold a specific place in oncology. Present case report describes the combination of two neoplastic processes with different anatomic localization, the analogues to which have not been found either in the domestic literature or foreign sources. The article presents the case of a synchronous primary-multiple malignant neoplasm - malignant tumor from the membranes of the peripheral nerves of the nasal cavity with expansion into the right maxillary sinus, the cells of the ethmoidal sinus т2bN0M0 and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon т4аN0M0. Physical examination and positron emission tomography combined with the computed tomography confirmed a hypervascular tumor of the posterior cells of the ethmoidal sinus and a nasal cavity without hypermetabolism and the circular tumor of the sigmoid colon with hypermetabolism. Taking into account the primary-multiple character of the lesion and the clinic of intestinal obstruction, a tactic of the treatment was a combined surgery - the removal of the neoplasm of the nasal cavity with resection of the right maxillary sinus with microsurgical technique and a reconstructive-plastic component using a coronary access, laparotomy, resection of the sigmoid colon, lymphadenectomy. The chosen treatment allowed eliminating both of the tumors in a short time and moving on to a further stage of treatment. The patient is under the supervision, there is no recurrence of the disease at the moment.

Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Objective: The article studies state-of-the art physical therapeutic techniques as a high degree of relevance to minimize invalidation and improve quality of life for patients with dental osteosarcoma. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 21 patients with osteogenic sarcoma of mandible (C41.1). There were 10 patients in the experimental group and 11 patients in the control group. Results: A comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation program for patients with osteosarcoma of mandible was developed. The first part of the program comprised 3 basic phases: preop chemotherapy, surgery, and postop rehabilitation. The surgical treatment further included resection of an affected part of the mandible and primary repair of the defect with jaw fragments and an autoimplant joined together with the help of positioning devices. The postop rehabilitation included postop chemotherapy and mesodiencephalic modulation (MDM). The second part of the program comprised preop examination, modeling, using stereolytic 3-dimensional models of the mandible, corrective surgeries, including implantation into the auto-implantda fragment of patient’s fibula, and building of a removable titanium alloy–based denture. MDM sessions were administered after each invasive intervention. Conclusions: Higher psychological and physical well-being was observed in the experimental group as compared with the control group (P, 0.01) in 2 weeks after the first surgery and 2 months after scheduled corrective surgeries, which finished in denture installation.

© 2018 Publishing House of the Union of Pediatricians. All rights reserved. Background. Solid tumors in children are one of the most common childhood malignancy, second only to hemoblastosis. Among solid tumours, about 5% are bone sarcomas: osteosarcoma (3%) and Ewing's sarcoma (2%). Atypicality of the these diseases course makes an early diagnosis a real challenge. Case Reports. The article presents six clinical observations of patients with bone sarcomas. We demonstrate the difficulties in diagnosing of this disease group which is associated with the absence of both specific symptoms and distinct clinical picture. Conclusion. Pediatricians and pediatric surgeons should take into account the possibility of atypical course of bone sarcomas in children. Low cancer alertness is the reason for a significant delay in establishing the correct diagnosis which contributes to the tumour process generalization and reduces the chances of achieving remission while increasing the cost of treating such patients.

© 2018 National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation. All rights reserved. Solid tumors in children occupy the second place in the structure of morbidity, yielding to hemoblastosis. Among solid tumors, approximately 5% are bone sarcomas: osteosarcoma (3%) and Ewing's sarcoma (2%). Atypicality of the course of these diseases makes it difficult to diagnose them early. The article describes a series of clinical observations of patients with bone sarcomas, which illustrate the complexity of diagnosing diseases of this group.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Primary sarcomas of the pericardium are extremely rare malignant tumors of the heart. The incidence of sarcoma increases after radiation therapy in the field of breast. The specific features of this case report are the difficulties in diagnostics of undifferentiated spindle-cell sarcoma of the pericardium and the connection between the disease and the radiation therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma.