Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The use of materials based on protein-polymer compositions is a promising method for solving a number of problems in biotechnology and medicine. In our work, we produced multilayer nanofilms based on 4th generation (G4) pyridylphenylene dendrimers with fully pyridine-based periphery containing a protein component. For dairy beta- and kappa-caseins, alpha-lactalbumin, recombinant sheep prion protein, lysozyme, trypsin, and alpha-chymotrypsin the ability to integrate into self-organizing structures about 230–710 nm thick, measured by atomic force microscopy, was found. The formation of nanofilms is dependent on the protein/dendrimer ratio in the initial solution. At the same time, the nanofilms are resistant to pH changes, and the action of detergents. We demonstrated that trypsin and chymotrypsin incorporated into the nanofilms still conserved proteolytic activities and were stable for at least 3 weeks. We have also conducted in silico molecular modeling of the G4 dendrimer interactions with lysozyme. Spatial structure of the dendrimer-protein complex was predicted and most probable variant remained almost intact under 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation conditions. We believe that dendrimer-protein systems are promising tools for possible applications in the development of new stable biomaterials and biosensors.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018. Video games are often seen as a reason for numerous psychological changes, both positive and negative, in players. For instance, many authors believe that video games push children and adults towards risky behaviors and impulsivity. The study aimed to analyze both theoretical and empirical evidences of that sort, as well as to investigate parameters of personal and cognitive impulsivity and risk-readiness in adult video gamers. The sample of gamers included 223 participants, all from Russia. Impulsivity and related personal traits were measured with Eysencks’ Impulsiveness Scale (I-7) and Kornilova’s Personal Risk Factors Questionnaire. Impulsivity as cognitive style was measured by Kagan’s MFFT. No evidence of high impulsivity was found, though video game players, who played more than 12 h per week turned out to be more venturesome, compared to less active gamers. Sex-related differences were investigated: female gamers scored lower in empathy, while male gamers showed higher venturesomeness. In a cognitive style study, video gamers were more accurate compared to non-gamers, and thus showed no tendency for impulsivity. The results are contrasted to the published data, when applicable.

© 2018 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved. Indomethacin, a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been used in different spheres of medicine since the 1960s. It is successfully administered as an anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medication in rheumatoid and other diseases. According to recent research, indomethacin may become a promising drug enhancing endogenous remyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis. Also, indomethacin affects cell proliferation and invasion, thus it is used to manage pancreatic cancer in patients with hyperglycemia. In addition, indomethacin can inhibit protein synthesis in colorectal carcinoma and other types of cancer cells. The article reviews modern indomethacin medications and the different dosage forms on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Indomethacin poor water solubility is one of the reasons for decreasing its biopharmaceutical characteristics. According to the conducted research, a prospective way to improve indomethacin solubility and bioavailability is the Solid Dispersion (SD) method. SDs are bi- or multicomponent systems consisting of the drug and the carrier. They are a highly dispersed solid phase of the drug or molecular-dispersed solid solutions with a partial formation of a variable composition complex and a carrier. The article provides a brief overview on different aspects of obtaining, investigating, and applying indomethacin SDs with various polymers.

© COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. We have developed a method of the terahertz (THz) solid immersion microscopy for the reflection-mode imaging of soft biological tissues. It relies on the use of the solid immersion lens (SIL), which employs the electromagnetic wave focusing into the evanescent-field volume (i.e. at a small distance behind the medium possessing high refractive index) and yields reduction in the dimensions of the THz beam caustic. We have assembled an experimental setup using a backward-wave oscillator, as a source of the continuous-wave THz radiation featuring λ= 500 μm, a Golay cell, as a detector of the THz wave intensity, and a THz SIL comprised of a wide-aperture aspherical singlet, a truncated sphere and a thin scanning windows. The truncated sphere and the scanning window are made of high-resistivity float-zone silicon and form a unitary optical element mounted in front of the object plane for the resolution enhancement. The truncated sphere is rigidly fixed, while the scanning window moves in lateral directions, allowing for handling and visualizing the soft tissues. We have applied the experimental setup for imaging of a razor blade to demonstrate the advanced 0:2λ resolution of the proposed imaging arrangement. Finally, we have performed imaging of sub-wavelength-scale tissue spheroids to highlight potential of the THz solid immersion microscopy in biology and medicine.