Аннтотация

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a mast cell-driven disease that is defined as the recurrence of wheals, angioedema, or both for >6 weeks due to known or unknown causes. As of yet, disease diagnosis is purely clinical. Objective tools are needed to monitor the activity of CSU and the efficacy of treatment. Recently, several reports have suggested that blood parameters may be considered as potential disease-related biomarkers. To review available literature on blood biomarkers for CSU diagnosis, activity monitoring, duration, patient subgroups allocation or response to treatment. We performed a Pubmed, Google Scholar and Web of Science search and identified and analysed 151 reports published prior to January 2016. We found strong evidence for significant differences between CSU patients and healthy controls in blood levels or values of D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), mean platelet volume (MPV), factor VIIa, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), tumor necrosis factor, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and vitamin D. Also, there is strong evidence for a significant association between CSU activity and blood levels or values of D-dimer, F1+2, CRP, IL-6 and MPV. Strong evidence for reduced basophil count and high levels of IgG anti-FcεRI in the subgroup of CSU patients with positive autologous serum skin test was shown. In contrast, the evidence for all reported blood biomarkers for differentiating CSU from other diseases, or a role in prognosis, is weak, inconsistent or non-existent. We identified ten biomarkers which are supported by strong evidence for distinguishing CSU patients from healthy controls, or for measuring CSU activity. There is a need for further research to identify biomarkers which predict outcome or treatment response in CSU. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.